THỰC TRẠNG ÁP DỤNG QUY TRÌNH ĐIỀU DƯỠNG TRONG CHĂM SÓC NGƯỜI BỆNH CỦA HỌC VIÊN ĐIỀU DƯỠNG TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC THĂNG LONG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN

Abstract

This study aimed (1) to describe the current status of nursing process application in patient care among nursing students at Thang Long University, and (2) to examine factors associated with the level of application. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 232 nursing students enrolled at Thang Long University during the 2024–2025 academic year. The application of the nursing process was assessed using an 11-item instrument based on a 5-point Likert scale, with total scores ranging from 11 to 55; a score ≥75% (≥42/55 points) was classified as good performance. Results showed that 75.4% of students achieved a good level of application. Most students reported frequent use of the nursing process, with 46.1% “always” and 34.1% “almost always”; similar frequencies were observed among their colleagues. All steps of the nursing process—assessment, nursing diagnosis, expected outcome identification, planning, implementation, evaluation, and documentation—were performed frequently, with high rates ranging from 80% to 87%. The proportions of students reporting “sometimes,” “rarely,” or “never” across these steps were low (0.4% to <18%). Several factors were significantly associated with lower performance, including age <30 years (p=0.005), working in Obstetrics–Surgery (p<0.01), being enrolled in the undergraduate program (p=0.009), having updated nursing process knowledge more than one year ago (p<0.001), and lack of practice guidance at the workplace (p=0.014). These findings highlight the importance of regular knowledge updates and clinical support in enhancing effective application of the nursing process. Conclusion: The study underscores the need to strengthen training, supervision, and clinical support to ensure nursing students can apply the nursing process comprehensively, consistently, and sustainably in patient care.