NGHIÊN CỨU TỶ LỆ NHIỄM HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở PHỤ NỮ MẮC HIV/AIDS THỰC HIỆN SÀNG LỌC UNG THƯ CỔ TỬ CUNG TẠI TRUNG TÂM Y TẾ KHU VỰC THUẬN AN NĂM 2025

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HPV infection and analyze associated factors among women living with HIV/AIDS who were managed and treated at Thuan An Regional Medical Center in 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical components was conducted on 145 women living with HIV/AIDS from January to September 2025. Data was collected through interviews, medical record reviews, and HPV DNA testing. Results: The prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women living with HIV/AIDS was 31.0%. Of these, high-risk HPV accounted for 19.3%, while low-risk HPV accounted for 11.7%. Infection with a single HPV type was the most common (20.0%), followed by infection with two types (9.0%) and three types (2.1%). Cervical cytology results were predominantly normal (94.5%), with 5.5% showing abnormalities. Several factors were significantly associated with HPV infection, including: age ≥ 50 years, which increased the risk of HPV infection (OR = 2.875; p = 0.038); being single or separated (OR = 2.667; p = 0.028); having two or more sexual partners (OR = 3.784; p = 0.002); not using condoms (OR = 5.263; p < 0.001); and low or moderate adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), which was associated with a markedly increased risk of HPV infection (OR = 33.917; p < 0.001). Conclusion: HPV prevalence among women living with HIV/AIDS remains high and is associated with treatment adherence and sexual behavior. Integration of HPV screening and vaccination into HIV care programs should be strengthened, along with enhanced health communication and improved access to appropriate healthcare services.