CHUYỂN ĐỔI SỐ TẠI DOANH NGHIỆP LOGISTICS VIỆT NAM TRONG BỐI CẢNH HỘI NHẬP TOÀN CẦU

Abstract

This paper evaluates the current status and level of digital transformation (DT) implementation among Vietnamese logistics enterprises during the 2022– 2024 period, with the aim of proposing solutions to accelerate DT in the coming years. The study is motivated by the fact that logistics costs in Vietnam remain relatively high, accounting for approximately 16–17% of Gross Domestic Product (according to the Vietnam Logistics Business Association, 2024).

The research clarifies the theoretical foundations of digital transformation, focusing on three core elements: technology, people, and processes. Findings indicate that the adoption of digital technologies has shown positive growth, with 55% of logistics enterprises in Vietnam implementing digital solutions by 2024. Priority areas include order tracking, customer relationship management, and supply chain data analytics. However, the DT process faces several significant barriers. The most prominent challenge is the legal framework, which constrains digitalization activities (scoring 4.23). Other obstacles include limited investment capital, a shortage of in-house experts and digitally skilled personnel, and the lack of a synchronized national information technology infrastructure. Furthermore, the ability to leverage business value from data assets remains limited (scoring 3.07). The study proposes several solutions, including investing in technologies appropriate to enterprise scale, developing digital human resources, strengthening collaboration with technology partners, and recommending that the government provide financial support and policy incentives. Additionally, the development of a synchronized IT infrastructure and the promotion of international cooperation are emphasized as key drivers to accelerate digital transformation in the 2025–2030 period.